Stokes and anti-Stokes luminescence in Tm3+/Yb3+-doped Lu3Ga5O12 nano-garnets: a study of multipolar interactions and energy transfer dynamics
文献情報
Mamilla Rathaiah, Pamuluri Haritha, Antonio Diego Lozano-Gorrín, Palamandala Babu, Chalicheemalapalli Kulala Jayasankar, Ulises Ruyman Rodríguez-Mendoza, Victor Lavín, Vemula Venkatramu
Nanocrystalline Lu3Ga5O12 garnets doped with Tm3+/Yb3+ ions have been synthesized by a low cost and environmentally benign sol–gel technique and characterized for their structural, Stokes and anti-Stokes luminescence properties. The diffuse reflectance spectra of doped Lu3Ga5O12 nano-garnets have been measured to derive the partial energy level structure of Tm3+ and Yb3+ ions and possible energy transfer channels between them. Upon laser excitation at 473 nm, weak red and intense near-infrared Stokes emissions have been observed in the nano-garnets. The decay curves of 3H4 and 1G4 levels of Tm3+ ions and the 2F5/2 level of Yb3+ ions have been measured upon resonant laser excitation and are found to be non-exponential in nature due to multipolar interactions. In order to know the kind of multipolar interaction among optically active ions, the decay curves are analyzed through the generalized Yokota–Tanimoto model. Moreover, under 970 nm laser excitation, intense blue anti-Stokes emission is observed by the naked eye in Tm3+–Yb3+ co-doped Lu3Ga5O12 nano-garnets. The results show that as-synthesized nano-garnets may be useful in the field of phosphors and photonics.
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